ar X iv : h ep - t h / 03 05 15 7 v 1 1 9 M ay 2 00 3 The relation between effective action and vacuum energy in a kappa - deformed theory

In a quantum field with spacetime invariance governed by the Poincaré algebra the one-loop effective action is equal to the sum of zero modes frequencies, which is the vacuum energy of the field. The first Casimir invariant of the Poincaré algebra provides the proper time Hamiltonian in Schwinger’s proper time representation of the effective action. We consider here a massive neutral scalar field with spacetime invariance governed by the so called kappa-deformed Poincaré algebra. We show here that if in the kappadeformed theory the first Casimir invariant of the algebra is also used as the proper-time hamiltonian the effective action appears with a real and an imaginary part. The real part is equal to half the sum of kappa-deformed zero mode frequencies, which gives the vacuum energy of the kappa-deformed field. In the limit in which the deformation disappears this real part reduces to half of the sum of zero mode frequencies of the usual scalar field. The imaginary part is proportional to the sum of the squares of the kappa-deformed zero mode frequencies. This part is a creation rate of field excitations in the situations in which it gives rise to a finite physically meaningful quantity. This is the case when the field is submitted to boundary conditions and properly renormalized, as we show in a related paper.